Here, denotes that particle ℓ at position is in its excited state , while the other N – 1 particles remain in the ground state as illustrated in Fig. 1b. The excitation energy of particle ℓ is ħω ℓ, ...

When used in structural engineering, the term deflection refers to load-induced displacement, which typically affects beam designs. It can be an extremely complicated value to calculate when ...

Pointing a finger at the other is a curious and persistent defense mechanism for the guilty. We try to teach our kids not to tattle, but also to be true to themselves. But sometimes the tattling is a ...