Research into ionospheric wave generation and modulation has significantly enhanced our understanding of the upper atmosphere’s dynamic behaviour. Ionospheric waves arise from the interplay between ...

Curtiss-Wright’s E-SOQPSK (Extensible SOQPSK) is a software-configurable, ultra-low-power Wi-Fi modulation scheme. Its waveforms offer some beneficial performance attributes for aeronautical telemetry ...

An arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) is a powerful and flexible signal source capable of generating any wave shape within the bandwidth and amplitude range of the generator. Populating an AWG with ...

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) or Pulse Duration Modulation (PDM) is a technique of converting analog signals into rectangular waveforms. The width of the waveform varies in proportion with the ...

A 10-MHz sinusoidal carrier wave of amplitude 10 mV is modulated by a 5-kHz sinusoidal audio signal wave of amplitude 6 mV. Find (a) the frequency components of the resultant modulated wave and (b) ...

If a product debuted in 2016 and it didn’t have a tie to the Internet of Things, did it ever really debut? This variation of the tree falling in the woods... If a product debuted in 2016 and it didn’t ...

A candidate for modernized GNSS civil signals in the L1/E1 band was BOC(1,1), a binary-offset-carrier signal with a “split spectrum” that has negligible impact on the existing GPS signals. However, a ...