Abstract: Nowadays, Java programming is used in a variety of application systems as a highly portable object-oriented programming language. To assist its self-studies by novice students, we have ...

Abstract: With the increasing integration of digital platforms in computer science education, understanding student behavior in online Java programming design courses has become essential for ...

It’s a familiar moment in math class—students are asked to solve a problem, and some jump in confidently while others freeze, unsure where to begin. When students don’t yet have a clear mental model ...