Introduction Envision our digital world as a sprawling universe filled with glittering constellations of encrypted data, each packet of information ...

1 University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China 2 CHINA MERCHANTS GROUP TESTING & CERTIFICATION (CHONGQING) CO. LTD, Chongqing, China The final, formatted version of the ...

Abstract: Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocols, such as BB84, require secure authentication of their classical communication channel to ensure message integrity and authenticity, which is ...